Output impedance varying circuit

ABSTRACT

A photo detector IC (PDIC) is connected with a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). A signal converted into a voltage through light-to-voltage conversion in the PDIC is connected with the drain of a field effect transistor (FET), while the source of the FET is connected to an output terminal. A signal from the output terminal is input into a signal processing board of the main body via the FPC serving as an equivalent circuit composed of a coil and a capacitor. The gate of the FET is connected with a variable voltage source. Peaking occurs due to inductor components and capacitance components of the FPC. However, by application of voltage to the variable voltage source, the gate voltage value of the FET is adjusted to be an optimal value, whereby the peaking is suppressed by the on-resistance of the FET.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an output impedance varying circuit foradjusting the output impedance of a photo detector IC in an apparatusfor optically recording and playing back information.

In an apparatus for optically recording and playing back information,such as an optical disk drive or a magneto-optical disk drive, anoptical pickup for converting light reflected from a disc into anelectrical signal is composed of a lens for collecting mainly light, aphoto detector IC (PDIC) which is a semiconductor device for convertingan optical signal into a voltage, and a flexible printed circuit board(FPC) for establishing a connection from the PDIC to a signal processingboard of the main body.

The output of the PDIC is input into the signal processing board of themain body via the FPC. The FPC can be expressed as an equivalent circuitcomposed of a coil and a capacitor. Therefore, in the input frequencycharacteristics of the signal processing board, peaking caused by thetransfer characteristics of the circuit formed of the coil and thecapacitor of the FPC appears. This peaking goes into an internal circuitof the PDIC through a parasitic element, a common impedance, or the likein the PDIC to change the frequency characteristics of the PDIC or tocause an operational amplifier in the PDIC to oscillate.

In a known transistor switching circuit, in order to adjust thefrequency characteristics of an amplifier, a peaking circuit iselectrically connected or disconnected with the amplifier according to acontrol signal (see Japanese Laid-Open Publication No. 62-264721).

To prevent peaking, an output resistor may be additionally provided inthe PDIC. Specifically, in order to prevent peaking, the resistancevalue of the output resistor is optimized in accordance with the valuesof the coil and capacitor of the FPC connected with the PDIC.

Nevertheless, if the length of the FPC is changed due to newdevelopments of optical pickups or the like, the inductance value andcapacitance value of the FPC are changed. And in the case of aconventional resistance value, peaking occurs again or the inputfrequency characteristics of the signal processing board decrease tolower the level in the signal bandwidth.

If an output resistor is provided not in the PDIC but in the FPC, thecost of the optical pickup itself increases, while the increased numberof components in the FPC results in increase in the size of the opticalpickup itself.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to adjust the output impedance ofa PDIC connected to a FPC, from outside of the PDIC in accordance withthe inductance value and capacitance value of the FPC withoutattenuating a required signal bandwidth while suppressing occurrence ofpeaking.

In order to achieve the object, according to the present invention, animpedance varying circuit is inserted between an output circuit of aPDIC and an output terminal of the PDIC. The impedance varying circuitmay be designed so as to adjust the on-resistance of a field effecttransistor (FET), to include a plurality of parallel-connected orseries-connected switching circuits each including a resistor, or toadjust the emitter resistance of one or more bipolar transistors.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows frequency characteristics obtained when the on-resistanceof a FET in the output impedance varying circuit of FIG. 1 is changed.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating an output impedance varyingcircuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described indetail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to afirst embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the referencenumeral 1 refers to the entire PDIC; 2 to a FPC equivalent circuit; 3 toan output circuit in the PDIC 1; 4 to a FET; 5 to a coil which is alumped-constant element of inductor components of the FPC 2; 6 to acapacitor which is a lumped-constant element of capacitance componentsof the FPC 2; 7 to an output terminal of the PDIC 1; VR to a variablevoltage source; and OUT to an output terminal of the FPC 2.

The PDIC 1 of FIG. 1 performs light-to-voltage conversion. A signalconverted into a voltage is produced from the output of the outputcircuit 3 and connected to the drain of the FET 4, while the source ofthe FET 4 is connected to the output terminal 7. A signal from theoutput terminal 7 is input into a signal processing board of the mainbody through the FPC 2 composed of the coil 5 and the capacitor 6. Thegate of the FET 4 is connected to the variable voltage source VR. In theFPC 2, peaking occurs due to the coil 5 and the capacitor 6, which areequivalent to the inductor components and the capacitance components ofthe FPC 2, respectively. The frequency f of the peaking is expressed bythe equation,f=1/(2π(L×C)^(1/2)),where L represents the inductor value of the coil 5 and C represents thecapacitance value of the capacitor 6.

Then, voltage is applied to the variable voltage source VR so as toapply voltage to the gate of the FET 4 and thereby turn on the FET 4. Atthis time, the on-resistance of the FET 4 occurs between the drain andsource of the FET 4. By this on-resistance, the amount of peaking causedby the coil 5 and the capacitor 6 can be reduced. It can be understoodthat this is because the on-resistance of the FET 4 and the capacitor 6form a filter circuit. If the gate voltage of the FET 4 is adjusted sothat the on-resistance of the FET 4 has an optimal value, it is possibleto suppress the occurrence of peaking without attenuation of the signalbandwidth.

FIG. 2 shows an example of simulation results for the frequencycharacteristics of the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 showsthe frequency characteristics obtained when the on-resistance of the FET4 is 0Ω, 120Ω, and 240Ω, respectively, with the inductor value of thecoil 5 of FIG. 1 being 300 nH and the capacitance value of the capacitor6 of FIG. 1 being 30 pF. When the on-resistance of the FET 4 is 0Ω,sharp peaking occurs, and when the on-resistance is 120Ω, peakingdisappears. When the on-resistance of the FET 4 is 240Ω, the frequencycharacteristics are low, causing attenuation of the signal bandwidth.These results show that 120Ω is the optimal value. If the length of theFPC 2 is changed, the voltage value of the variable voltage source VRmay be adjusted so that the on-resistance of the FET 4 has an optimalvalue.

FIG. 3 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to asecond embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the referencenumerals 11 and 12 refer to FETs; 13 and 14 to resistors; 15 and 16 toswitching circuits; and SW1 and SW2 to signals on switching terminalsfor turning on/off the FETs 11 and 12.

Between the output circuit 3 and the output terminal 7, the switchingcircuits 15 and 16 are connected in parallel. In the switching circuit15, the resistor 13 is connected in parallel between the drain andsource of the FET 11. In the switching circuit 16, the resistor 14 isconnected in parallel between the drain and source of the FET 12. Bycontrolling SW1 and SW2, the FETs 11 and 12 are turned on/off, wherebypeaking caused by the coil 5 and the capacitor 6 can be eliminated.

For example, assume that the inductor value of the coil 5 of FIG. 3 is300 nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor 6 is 30 pF, and theon-resistance of the resistors 13 and 14 is 240Ω. In order to eliminatepeaking in the FPC 2, SW1 and SW2 are set to “L” so that the FETs 11 and12 turn off, whereby the resultant impedance between the output circuit3 and the output terminal 7 takes a resistance value obtained when theresistors 13 and 14 are connected in parallel. The output impedance isthus 120Ω. From this, it is found that the same effects as those of thefirst embodiment are achieved. If the length of FPC 2 is changed, thenumber of FETs to be turned on in the switching circuits 15 and 16 maybe changed.

Although the configuration in which the two switching circuits 15 and 16are connected in parallel has been described with reference to FIG. 3,three or more switching circuits may be connected in parallel.

FIG. 4 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to athird embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the referencenumerals 21 and 22 refer to FETs; 23 and 24 to resistors; 25 and 26 toswitching circuits; and SW3 and SW4 to signals on switching terminalsfor turning on/off the FETs 21 and 22.

Between the output circuit 3 and the output terminal 7, the switchingcircuits 25 and 26 are connected in series. In the switching circuit 25,the resistor 23 is connected in parallel between the drain and source ofthe FET 21. In the switching circuit 26, the resistor 24 is connected inparallel between the drain and source of the FET 22. By controlling SW3and SW4, the FETs 21 and 22 are turned on/off, whereby peaking caused bythe coil 5 and the capacitor 6 can be eliminated.

For example, assume that the inductor value of the coil 5 of FIG. 4 is300 nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor 6 is 30 pF, and theon-resistance of the resistors 23 and 24 is 120Ω. In order to eliminatepeaking in the FPC 2, SW3 is set to “H” and SW4 is set to “L” so thatthe FET 21 turns on and the FET 22 turns off, whereby the resultantimpedance between the output circuit 3 and the output terminal 7 takesthe resistance value of the resistor 24. The output impedance is thus120Ω. From this, it is found that the same effects as those of the firstembodiment are achieved. If the length of FPC 2 is changed, the numberof FETs to be turned on in the switching circuits 25 and 26 may bechanged.

Although the configuration in which the two switching circuits 25 and 26are connected in series has been described with reference to FIG. 4,three or more switching circuits may be connected in series.

FIG. 5 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to afourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the referencenumeral 31 refers to an NPN transistor; 32 to a variable current source;33 and 34 to NPN transistors; 35, 36 and 37 to resistors; Vcc to a powersupply voltage source; and VR to a variable voltage source.

In the PDIC 1, the output of the output circuit 3 is input into the baseof the NPN transistor 31, while the emitter of the NPN transistor 31 isconnected to the variable current source 32 and the output terminal 7.That is, the NPN transistor 31 and the variable current source 32 forman emitter follower circuit. If the current value of the variablecurrent source 32 is adjusted so that the emitter resistance of the NPNtransistor 31 is optimized, it is possible to suppress peaking in theFPC 2.

To be more specific, the value of the base-emitter voltage VBE of theNPN transistor 34 is subtracted from the voltage value of the variablevoltage source VR to obtain a voltage value, which is divided by thevalue of the resultant resistance of the resistors 37 and 36, therebyobtaining a current I0. The NPN transistors 33 and 34 and the resistors35 and 36 form a current mirror circuit. The resistance value ratiobetween the resistors 36 and 35 determines a current I1, which is theemitter current of the NPN transistor 31. That is, the current I1 may beadjusted by controlling the voltage value of the variable voltage sourceVR so that the emitter resistance of the NPN transistor 31 is optimized.

For example, when the resistance of the resistors 35, 36 and 37 is 1 kΩ,VBE of the NPN transistors 33 and 34 is 0.7 V, and VR is 1.2 V, I0 isexpressed by the equation,I0=(1.2V−0.7V)/(1 kΩ+1 kΩ)=250 μA.Since the resistance of the resistors 35 and 36 is 1 kΩ, the currentmirror ratio is 1:1 and I1 is 250 μA. As a result, a current of 250 μApasses through the emitter of the NPN transistor 31. Therefore, when theinductor value of the coil 5 is 300 nH and the capacitance value of thecapacitor 6 is 30 pF, the emitter resistance of the NPN transistor 31will be 104Ω. From this, it is found that the same effects as those ofthe first embodiment are achievable.

If the values of the coil 5 and the capacitor 6 in the FPC 2 are changedand the location and amount of peaking in the FPC 2 are thereby changed,the voltage of the variable voltage source VR is changed so that theemitter resistance of the NPN transistor 31 is optimized, whereby thepeaking can be eliminated.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration in which the NPN transistor 31 forms theemitter follower circuit. However, in cases where a PNP transistor isused, the same effects are also attainable.

FIG. 6 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to afifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the referencenumerals 41 and 43 refer to NPN transistors; 42 and 44 to PNPtransistors; and 45 and 46 to variable current sources.

The output of the output circuit 3 is connected to the respectiveemitters of the NPN and PNP transistors 41 and 42, while the collectorand base of the NPN transistor 41 are connected to the variable currentsource 45 and the base of the NPN transistor 43, respectively. Thecollector and base of the PNP transistor 42 are connected to thevariable current source 46 and the base of the PNP transistor 44,respectively. The respective emitters of the NPN and PNP transistors 43and 44 are connected to the output terminal 7. The current values of thevariable current sources 45 and 46 are adjusted so that the resultantresistance of the respective emitter resistances of the NPN and PNPtransistors 43 and 44 is optimized, whereby it is possible to suppresspeaking in the FPC 2.

For example, assume a case in which the inductor value of the coil 5 ofFIG. 6 is 300 nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor 6 is 30 pF, theNPN transistors 41 and 43 have the same characteristics, the PNPtransistors 42 and 44 have the same characteristics, and the variablecurrent sources 45 and 46 each have a current value of 125 μA. In thiscase, a current of 125 μA passes through the emitter of the NPNtransistor 43 to produce an emitter resistance of 208Ω, while a currentof 125 μA passes through the emitter of the PNP transistor 44 to producean emitter resistance of 208Ω. Therefore, the output impedance of theterminal 7, which is the resultant parallel resistance of the respectiveemitter resistances of the NPN and PNP transistors 43 and 44, will be104Ω. From this, it is found that the same effects as those of the firstembodiment are achieved.

FIG. 7 illustrates an output impedance varying circuit according to asixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the referencenumerals 51 and 54 refer to PNP transistors; 52 and 53 to NPNtransistors; and 55 and 56 to variable current sources.

The output of the output circuit 3 is connected to the respective basesof the PNP and NPN transistors 51 and 52. The emitter of the PNPtransistor 51 is connected to the variable current source 56 and thebase of the NPN transistor 53. The emitter of the NPN transistor 52 isconnected to the variable current source 55 and the base of the PNPtransistor 54. The respective emitters of the PNP and NPN transistors 54and 53 are connected to the output terminal 7. The current values of thevariable current sources 55 and 56 are adjusted so that the resultantresistance of the respective emitter resistances of the NPN and PNPtransistors 53 and 54 is optimized, whereby it is possible to suppresspeaking in the FPC 2.

For example, assume a case in which the inductor value of the coil 5 ofFIG. 7 is 300 nH, the capacitance value of the capacitor 6 is 30 pF, thePNP transistors 51 and 54 have the same characteristics, the NPNtransistors 52 and 53 have the same characteristics, and the variablecurrent sources 55 and 56 each have a current value of 125 μA. In thiscase, a current of 125 μA passes through the emitter of the NPNtransistor 53 to produce an emitter resistance of 208Ω, while a currentof 125 μA passes through the emitter of the PNP transistor 54 to producean emitter resistance of 208Ω. Therefore, the output impedance of theterminal 7, which is the resultant parallel resistance of the respectiveemitter resistances of the NPN and PNP transistors 53 and 54, will be104Ω. From this, it is found that the same effects as those of the firstembodiment are achieved.

The output impedance varying circuits according the present inventionare effective as means for suppressing peaking occurring due to inductorcomponents and capacitance components in any FPC connected to the PDIC.

1. An output impedance varying circuit for adjusting an output impedanceof a photo detector IC having an output terminal connected to a flexibleprinted circuit board in an apparatus for optically recording/playingback information, without causing attenuation of a required signalbandwidth while suppressing occurrence of peaking, the output impedancevarying circuit comprising: an output circuit of the photo detector IC,and an impedance varying circuit provided between an output of theoutput circuit and the output terminal.
 2. The output impedance varyingcircuit of claim 1, wherein the impedance varying circuit includes afield effect transistor having a drain connected to the output of theoutput circuit, a source connected to the output terminal, and a gateconnected to a variable voltage source; and an on-resistance of thefield effect transistor is adjusted by a gate voltage value of the fieldeffect transistor.
 3. The output impedance varying circuit of claim 1,wherein the impedance varying circuit includes a plurality ofparallel-connected switching circuits; each of the switching circuitsincludes a field effect transistor having a drain connected to theoutput of the output circuit, a source connected to the output terminal,and a gate connected to an individual switching terminal, and a resistorconnected in parallel between the drain and source of the field effecttransistor; and the number of field effect transistors to be turned onin the switching circuits is adjusted by a signal on each switchingterminal.
 4. The output impedance varying circuit of claim 1, whereinthe impedance varying circuit includes a plurality of series-connectedswitching circuits; each of the switching circuits includes a fieldeffect transistor having a drain and a source sequentially connected inseries between the output of the output circuit and the output terminaland a gate connected to an individual switching terminal, and a resistorconnected in parallel between the drain and source of the field effecttransistor; and the number of field effect transistors to be turned onin the switching circuits is adjusted by a signal on each switchingterminal.
 5. The output impedance varying circuit of claim 1, whereinthe impedance varying circuit includes a bipolar transistor having abase connected to the output of the output circuit and an emitterconnected to the output terminal, and a variable current sourceconnected to the emitter of the bipolar transistor; and an emitterresistance of the bipolar transistor is adjusted by a current value ofthe variable current source.
 6. The output impedance varying circuit ofclaim 1, wherein the impedance varying circuit includes: a first NPNtransistor having an emitter connected to the output of the outputcircuit and a collector and a base connected to a first variable currentsource, a first PNP transistor having an emitter connected to the outputof the output circuit and a collector and a base connected to a secondvariable current source, a second NPN transistor having a base connectedto the base of the first NPN transistor and an emitter connected to theoutput terminal, and a second PNP transistor having a base connected tothe base of the first PNP transistor and an emitter connected to theoutput terminal; and a resultant resistance of an emitter resistance ofthe second NPN transistor and an emitter resistance of the second PNPtransistor is adjusted by current values of the first and secondvariable current sources.
 7. The output impedance varying circuit ofclaim 1, wherein the impedance varying circuit includes: a first PNPtransistor having a base connected to the output of the output circuitand an emitter connected to a first variable current source, a first NPNtransistor having a base connected to the output of the output circuitand an emitter connected to a second variable current source, a secondNPN transistor having a base connected to the emitter of the first PNPtransistor and an emitter connected to the output terminal, and a secondPNP transistor having a base connected to the emitter of the first NPNtransistor and an emitter connected to the output terminal; and aresultant resistance of an emitter resistance of the second NPNtransistor and an emitter resistance of the second PNP transistor isadjusted by current values of the first and second variable currentsources.